This code provides guidelines for ground improvement using grouting. It covers the selection of grout materials, various grouting methods (permeation, compaction, jet grouting etc.), design considerations, execution procedures, and on-site quality control.
Covers guidelines for the design and execution of grouting for ground improvement.
Quick Reference Values
Typical Grout Viscosity (Marsh Cone)35-50 seconds
General Grouting Pressure Limit20-25 kPa per meter of depth (to avoid hydrofracture)
Typical Target Permeability post-grouting< 10^-5 cm/s
Bleeding Limit for Cement Grout< 5% of volume
Max Water Temperature for GroutingNot more than 27 °C
Practical Notes
Verification of ground conditions via boreholes is critical before finalizing the grouting method and parameters.
Continuous monitoring of grout pressure and volume (grout take) is essential to control the process and avoid ground heave or damage to nearby structures.
Post-grouting tests, such as permeability tests (e.g., Lugeon test) or in-situ strength tests, are necessary to validate the effectiveness of the ground improvement.