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IS 5966 : 1993Non-coniferous timber in converted form for general purposes

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Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber (MGR) 2009 · BS EN 1313-1 · NHLA Rules for the Measurement & Inspection of Hardwood & Cypress
CurrentSpecializedSpecificationBIMMaterials Science · Timber and Timber Stores
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OverviewValues7InternationalTablesFAQ4Related

IS 5966:1993 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for non-coniferous timber in converted form for general purposes. This standard specifies the requirements for non-coniferous (hardwood) timber that has been sawn or converted for general purposes. It covers aspects like suitable timber species, moisture content requirements for different climatic zones, permissible defects, grading, and dimensional tolerances.

Non-coniferous timber in converted form for general purposes

Overview

Status
Current
Usage level
Specialized
Domain
Materials Science — Timber and Timber Stores
Type
Specification
International equivalents
Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber (MGR) 2009 · Malaysian Timber Industry Board (MTIB), MalaysiaBS EN 1313-1:1997 · BSI / CEN, United Kingdom / EuropeNHLA Rules for the Measurement & Inspection of Hardwood & Cypress · National Hardwood Lumber Association (NHLA), USA / Canada
Typically used with
IS 401IS 707IS 1141IS 1708IS 2395IS 3364
Also on InfraLens for IS 5966
7Key values2Tables4FAQs

BIM-relevant code. See the BIM Hub for ISO 19650, IFC, and LOD/LOIN frameworks used alongside it.

Practical Notes
! Ensure the specified moisture content corresponds to the climatic zone of the project site as defined in Table 1.
! The choice of timber species from Appendix A should consider local availability, cost, and specific end-use requirements like durability and strength.
! Visual inspection for defects like knots, cracks, and warp is critical for confirming the grade of timber supplied at the site.
Frequently referenced clauses
Cl. 3Species of TimberCl. 4Moisture ContentCl. 5Permissible DefectsCl. 6GradingCl. 7Tolerances
Pulled from IS 5966:1993. Browse the full clause & table index below in Tables & Referenced Sections.
timberhardwoodnon-coniferous timber

International Equivalents

Similar International Standards
Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber (MGR) 2009Malaysian Timber Industry Board (MTIB), Malaysia
HighCurrent
Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber
Specifies grading rules for tropical hardwoods based on visual defects, very similar in concept to IS 5966.
BS EN 1313-1:1997BSI / CEN, United Kingdom / Europe
MediumCurrent
Round and sawn timber — Permitted deviations and preferred sizes — Part 1: Hardwood sawn timber
Covers dimensional tolerances and preferred sizes for hardwood, but grading is covered in separate standards (e.g., EN 975-1).
NHLA Rules for the Measurement & Inspection of Hardwood & CypressNational Hardwood Lumber Association (NHLA), USA / Canada
LowCurrent
Rules for the Measurement & Inspection of Hardwood & Cypress
The de facto North American standard for grading hardwood lumber, but its grading philosophy is fundamentally different.
BS 5450:1977British Standards Institution (BSI), United Kingdom
MediumWithdrawn
Specification for sizes of sawn and processed hardwoods
A precursor to the European standard, it specified dimensions and tolerances for hardwoods in the UK market.
Key Differences
≠The primary grading philosophy of IS 5966 is defect-based (limiting knots, splits etc. over the whole piece), whereas the North American NHLA standard is yield-based, grading on the percentage of clear, defect-free cuttings obtainable from a board.
≠IS 5966 uniquely specifies moisture content requirements based on four different climatic zones within India, while most international standards specify a single target (e.g., kiln-dried 6-8%) or leave it for agreement between buyer and seller.
≠European standards often separate specifications for dimensions (e.g., EN 1313-1) and appearance grading (e.g., EN 975-1) into different documents, whereas IS 5966 combines grading, dimensions, tolerances, and moisture content into a single standard.
≠IS 5966 provides an extensive list of applicable Indian non-coniferous species. International equivalents like NHLA or MGR are similarly focused on their own regional species (North American or Malaysian hardwoods, respectively), making direct species comparison difficult.
Key Similarities
≈Both IS 5966 and many international counterparts like the Malaysian MGR and European EN 975-1 are based on a visual defect grading system, where the quality of the timber is determined by the size and number of permissible imperfections.
≈All standards, including IS 5966, exist to create a common language for commerce, ensuring that buyers and sellers have a consistent basis for specifying and verifying the quality and dimensions of sawn timber.
≈The types of defects controlled are largely universal across all standards: knots, splits, checks, decay, insect damage, and warp are common parameters used to define timber grades.
≈IS 5966, BS EN 1313-1, and others all specify permissible deviations (tolerances) from the nominal dimensions of thickness and width, acknowledging the inherent variability in the sawmilling process.
Parameter Comparison
ParameterIS ValueInternationalSource
Grading System BasisDefect-based: Grades (I, II, III) determined by limits on defects across the piece.Yield-based: Grades (FAS, No. 1 Common) determined by percentage of clear wood in cuttings.NHLA Rules
Moisture Content SpecificationDefined by 4 climatic zones in India (e.g., Zone II: 12-15% avg).Generally agreed upon; or specified for end-use (e.g., 6-8% for interior joinery).NHLA Rules / General Practice
Tolerance on Thickness (up to 50 mm)-1.0 mm, +3.0 mm-1.0 mm, +1.0 mm (for tolerance class 1)BS EN 1313-1:1997
Grade Naming ConventionGrade I, Grade II, Grade IIIPrime Grade, Select Grade, Standard Grade, etc.Malaysian Grading Rules (MGR)
End Splits Limit (Grade I)Shall not exceed 100 mm in length in the aggregate at each end.Prime Grade: Must be free of end splits.Malaysian Grading Rules (MGR)
Measurement of KnotsMean of the maximum and minimum diameters of the knot.Defined by the average of the greatest and least dimension, with specific rules for different knot types (Referenced in EN 1310).BS EN 1313-1:1997
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use

Key Values7

Quick Reference Values
Moisture Content for Zone I (<40% humidity)8% ± 2%
Moisture Content for Zone II (40-50% humidity)10% ± 2%
Moisture Content for Zone III (50-67% humidity)12% ± 2%
Moisture Content for Zone IV (>67% humidity)14% ± 2%
Tolerance on specified thickness and width (up to 100mm)± 3.0 mm
Tolerance on specified thickness and width (>100mm)± 6.0 mm
Tolerance on specified length+ 25 mm

Tables & Referenced Sections

Key Tables
Table 1 - Moisture Content Requirements for Converted Timber
Appendix A - List of Suitable Timber Species
Key Clauses
Clause 3 - Species of Timber
Clause 4 - Moisture Content
Clause 5 - Permissible Defects
Clause 6 - Grading
Clause 7 - Tolerances

Related Resources on InfraLens

Cross-Referenced Codes
IS 401:2001Code of Practice for Preservation of Timber
→
IS 707:2011Timber Technology And Utilization of Wood, Ba...
→
IS 1141:1993Seasoning of timber- Code of practice
→
IS 1708:2014Methods of Testing Small Clear Specimens of T...
→
IS 2395:2000Painting of Concrete, Masonry and Plaster Sur...
→
IS 3364:2000Methods of measurement and evaluation of defe...
→

Frequently Asked Questions4

What are the grades of timber specified in IS 5966?+
The standard specifies three grades: Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III, based on the nature and extent of permissible defects (Clause 6).
What is the required moisture content for timber used in a coastal area like Chennai?+
Chennai falls in Climatic Zone IV (>67% average humidity). The required moisture content is 14% ± 2% for sections up to 50 mm thick (Clause 4.1 & Table 1).
What is the acceptable tolerance on the thickness of a 50mm thick timber plank?+
For dimensions up to 100mm, the tolerance on thickness and width is ± 3.0 mm. So a 50mm plank can be between 47mm and 53mm thick (Clause 7.1).
Does this standard cover plywood?+
No, this standard is for sawn or converted solid timber. Plywood is covered by other standards like IS 303.

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