IS 707:2011 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for timber technology and utilization of wood, bamboo and cane - glossary of terms. This standard is a comprehensive glossary defining terms related to timber technology, wood, bamboo, cane, and engineered wood products. It provides standardized vocabulary to ensure clear communication and prevent ambiguity in structural specifications, contracts, trade, and research.
Timber Technology And Utilization of Wood, Bamboo and Cane - Glossary of Terms
| Parameter | IS Value | International | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heartwood | The inner and usually darker coloured central portion of a tree trunk, which has ceased to contain living cells... | Inner layers of the wood in a growing tree that have ceased to contain living cells and in which the reserve materials...have been removed or converted into heartwood substances. | ISO 24294:2021 |
| Fibre Saturation Point (FSP) | The stage...at which the cell walls are saturated with water and the cell cavities are free from water...usually taken as 25 to 30 percent moisture content. | Moisture content at which the cell lumina are empty of free water but the cell walls are fully saturated. | ASTM D9-09(2021) |
| Knot | A portion of a branch or limb which has been surrounded by subsequent growth of the stem. | Portion of a branch embedded in the wood. | ISO 24294:2021 |
| Plank (Dimensional Definition) | A piece of sawn timber 50 mm or more in thickness... and 150 mm or more in width... | Not universally defined in terminology standards; dimensions are trade/regional. In the US, a plank is typically 2" to <4" thick and >6" wide. | US Customary Lumber Standards |
| Bamboo | A perennial, giant, woody grass of the family Gramineae (Poaceae), subfamily Bambusoideae. | Not defined in primary wood/timber glossaries. Functional definitions exist in specific standards (e.g., 'part of a bamboo plant used as a structural material' in ISO 22156). | ISO 22156:2021 |
| Grain | The direction, size, arrangement and appearance of the fibres in wood or sawn timber. | The direction, size, arrangement, and appearance of the cells in a piece of wood. | ASTM D9-09(2021) |
| Shake | A separation along the grain, the greater part of which occurs between the rings of annual growth. | Separation of wood fibres, generally parallel to the grain and between the growth increments. | ISO 24294:2021 |