Unit weight (density) of common construction materials as per IS 875 Part 1 and standard engineering practice. Essential for dead load calculation in structural design.
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Concrete
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) 24 kN/m³ Without reinforcement RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) 25 kN/m³ 1–2% steel Prestressed Concrete 25.5 kN/m³ Lean Concrete (1:3:6) 22 kN/m³ Leveling course Lime Concrete 19 kN/m³ Cement Mortar 20 kN/m³ 1:4 to 1:6 Lime Mortar 17 kN/m³ Cement Slurry 17 kN/m³ Foamed / Aerated Concrete 8 kN/m³ Lightweight
Masonry
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Brick Masonry (common burnt clay) 19.2 kN/m³ CM 1:6 Brick Masonry (pressed) 20.4 kN/m³ Fly Ash Brick Masonry 18 kN/m³ AAC Block Masonry 8 kN/m³ Autoclaved Aerated Solid Concrete Block Masonry 22 kN/m³ 400×200×200 Hollow Concrete Block Masonry 15 kN/m³ Stone Masonry (granite/gneiss) 26.4 kN/m³ Random rubble Stone Masonry (sandstone) 23.5 kN/m³ Stone Masonry (laterite) 21.6 kN/m³ Mud Wall (adobe) 18 kN/m³
Metals
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Mild Steel / Structural Steel 78.5 kN/m³ 7850 kg/m³ Stainless Steel 78 kN/m³ Cast Iron 72 kN/m³ Wrought Iron 76 kN/m³ Aluminium 27 kN/m³ 2700 kg/m³ Copper 89 kN/m³ Brass 84 kN/m³ Lead 113 kN/m³ Zinc 71 kN/m³
Timber & Wood
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Teak (seasoned) 6.3 kN/m³ Group B Sal (seasoned) 8.6 kN/m³ Group A Deodar (seasoned) 5.7 kN/m³ Group C Pine (seasoned) 5.1 kN/m³ Bamboo 5 kN/m³ Plywood 6 kN/m³ Commercial Particle Board 6.5 kN/m³
Soils & Earth
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Dry Earth (loose) 14 kN/m³ Dry Earth (compacted) 18 kN/m³ Moist Earth 17 kN/m³ Wet Earth 20 kN/m³ Saturated Clay (dry) 16 kN/m³ Clay (wet/saturated) 20 kN/m³ Sand (dry, loose) 15 kN/m³ Sand (wet) 19 kN/m³ Gravel (loose) 16 kN/m³ Gravel (compacted) 18 kN/m³ Murum 18 kN/m³ Laterite gravel Submerged Soil 10 kN/m³ Buoyant weight
Stone & Aggregates
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Granite 26.5 kN/m³ Basalt (trap rock) 27 kN/m³ Sandstone 23 kN/m³ Limestone 24 kN/m³ Marble 26.5 kN/m³ Laterite 21 kN/m³ Slate 28 kN/m³ Coarse Aggregate (20mm) 15.4 kN/m³ Loose Fine Aggregate / Sand 15.1 kN/m³ Loose, dry Brick Aggregate (khoa) 11 kN/m³ Broken brick
Flooring & Finishes
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Ceramic Tiles (with mortar bed) 0.45 kN/m² 10mm tile + 20mm bed Vitrified Tiles (with mortar bed) 0.5 kN/m² Marble Flooring (25mm + bed) 1.2 kN/m² 25mm marble slab Kota Stone (25mm + bed) 1.1 kN/m² Cement Plaster (12mm) 0.24 kN/m² 1:4 CM Cement Plaster (20mm) 0.4 kN/m² 1:4 CM Gypsum Plaster (12mm) 0.12 kN/m² POP Finish (3mm) 0.04 kN/m² Terrazzo Flooring (25mm) 0.55 kN/m² IPS Floor (40mm) 0.8 kN/m² Indian Patent Stone Waterproofing (bituminous) 0.15 kN/m² False Ceiling (gypsum board) 0.15 kN/m² With frame
Roofing & Cladding
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes GI Sheet Roofing (0.63mm) 0.1 kN/m² Galvanised iron GI Sheet Roofing (0.80mm) 0.12 kN/m² AC Sheet (6mm) 0.16 kN/m² Asbestos cement Mangalore Tiles 0.6 kN/m² With battens RCC Slab (100mm) 2.5 kN/m² RCC Slab (150mm) 3.75 kN/m² RCC Slab (200mm) 5 kN/m² Aluminium Composite Panel (4mm) 0.06 kN/m² Glass (6mm) 0.15 kN/m² Float glass Glass (12mm) 0.3 kN/m²
Liquids
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Water (fresh) 9.81 kN/m³ 1000 kg/m³ Sea Water 10.1 kN/m³ 1025 kg/m³ Bitumen 10.2 kN/m³ Diesel / Petroleum 8.3 kN/m³ ~850 kg/m³
Miscellaneous
Material Unit Wt Unit Notes Cement (OPC bags, loose) 15 kN/m³ 1 bag = 50 kg = 0.035 m³ Cement (packed/compacted) 22 kN/m³ Lime (powder, loose) 8 kN/m³ Lime (powder, packed) 12 kN/m³ Fly Ash 12 kN/m³ GGBS 14 kN/m³ Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag Rubber 9.5 kN/m³ PVC Pipe 14 kN/m³ Glass (sheet) 25 kN/m³ 2500 kg/m³ Asphalt (dense) 23 kN/m³ Road wearing course WBM (compacted) 22 kN/m³ Water Bound Macadam Cinder / Clinker 7 kN/m³
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