Design Rules🔥 Fire Safety

Minimum Fire Stair Width — Residential

Minimum clear width of a residential fire staircase
See also📖 NBC 2016🔗 NBC 2016🧮 RCC Design📒 Handbook Topic
1.0
m
UP →1.0 mRESIDENTIAL FIRE STAIR — STAIR PLAN
Primary value1.0 m
Applies toResidential buildings
ExceptionsHotels, hostels, dormitories1.5 m
Educational, assembly, business, mercantile, industrial, hospital1.5 m
Buildings up to 15 m height (residential)1.0 m permitted
Buildings with very low occupant load (max 20 persons)0.75 m
Spiral stairs (not a primary exit for >10 people)1.5 m minimum diameter
Measured asClear width between stair handrail / wall — exclusive of handrail projection (max 90 mm).
SourceNBC 2016Part 4, Clause 4.10.1 and Table 5
✓ Verified
Why this matters

Stair width is critical for orderly evacuation during emergencies. NBC 2016 mandates minimum widths to ensure a calculated flow rate of people and to allow for contraflow movement, where firefighters with equipment can ascend while occupants descend, a crucial factor in high-rise incidents.

Typical practice

While 1.0 m is the minimum for apartments, many developers provide 1.2 m to 1.5 m for better comfort. For institutional (hospitals) and assembly buildings, the mandatory 2.0 m width is non-negotiable to allow for stretcher movement and rapid mass evacuation.

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