Design Rules🔥 Fire Safety

Fire Pump Minimum Capacity

Minimum capacity of building fire pumps
See also📖 NBC 2016🔗 NBC 2016🔗 IS 12469🧮 RCC Design📒 Handbook Topic
2280
L/min
(38 L/s)
2280L/minmin for high-rise (≈ 38 L/s)FIRE PUMP MIN
Primary value2280 L/min ((38 L/s))
Applies toHigh-rise buildings (> 15 m height) · Buildings with fire hydrant + sprinkler systems
ExceptionsSmaller buildings (15-24 m height)1620 L/min (27 L/s) min
Standby diesel pumpSame capacity as electric pump
Jockey pump (pressure maintenance)180 L/min
High-hazard occupancies (industrial, storage)2850 L/min (47.5 L/s)
Buildings > 45 m heightRequires an additional terrace tank and fire pump (typically 900 L/min).
Combined systems with higher-demand sprinklers (e.g., Ordinary Hazard Group 2/3)Capacity as per hydraulic calculations per IS 15105, which may exceed the hydrant demand.
Measured asDischarge capacity at the rated pressure (typically 7.0 kg/cm² at the hydraulically most-remote outlet).
SourceNBC 2016NBC 2016, Part 4, Annex E, Table E-1 and Clause E-4. The cited IS 12469 is incorrect; relevant codes for system design and installation are IS 15105 and IS 15301.
✓ Verified
Why this matters

The specified capacity ensures sufficient water flow and pressure to operate a pre-determined number of fire hydrants and/or a calculated area of sprinklers simultaneously, as per code. An undersized pump can lead to a catastrophic failure of the fire suppression system during a major fire event, as pressure drops when multiple outlets are used.

Typical practice

Standard practice for high-rise buildings involves one primary electric pump and an identical 100% standby diesel pump to ensure operation during power failure. A smaller jockey pump (typically 180 L/min) maintains system pressure against minor leaks, preventing the main pumps from frequent cycling.

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