Design Rules🔥 Fire Safety

Exit Width per Occupant — Stairs and Doorways

Minimum exit width based on occupant load
See also📖 NBC 2016🔗 NBC 2016🧮 RCC Design📒 Handbook Topic
5
mm/person
(stairs); 7.5 mm/person (doorways)
5 / 7.5mm / personstairs / doorways — multiplied by occupant loadEXIT UNIT WIDTH
Primary value5 mm/person ((stairs); 7.5 mm/person (doorways))
Applies toAll occupancies — residential, commercial, assembly
ExceptionsStairways5 mm per person
Doorways and corridors7.5 mm per person
Min stair width (residential)1.0 m
Min stair width (other)1.5 m
Ramps8.33 mm per person (60 persons per 500 mm unit width)
Stairs in fully sprinklered buildings > 70m high6.67 mm per person (capacity increased to 75 persons per unit width)
Measured asRequired total exit width = occupant load × per-person factor. Provide as one or multiple stairs/doors.
SourceNBC 2016Part 4, Clause 4.4 and Table 7
✓ Verified
Why this matters

These factors are derived from the 'unit of exit width' concept in NBC 2016, which quantifies the flow rate of people during an emergency. Adhering to these widths is critical for preventing dangerous bottlenecks and crowd crush during evacuation, forming a fundamental pillar of the code's life safety provisions.

Typical practice

For a 200-person commercial floor, the required total stair width is 200 × 10 mm = 2000 mm. This must be provided via at least two separate staircases (as per Clause 4.5), for example, two stairs of 1.0 m width each. The total required door width would be 200 × 6.67 mm ≈ 1334 mm.

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