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IS 7319:1974 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for perforated concrete pipes. This standard specifies the requirements for unreinforced perforated cement concrete pipes used for subsoil drainage. It covers materials, dimensions, perforations, physical characteristics like crushing strength and water absorption, and testing methods.
! These pipes are intended for gravity flow and subsoil drainage only, not for pressure applications.
! Ensure a proper geotextile filter wrap or graded aggregate filter is used around the pipes to prevent clogging of perforations by soil fines.
! Proper bedding and careful backfilling are critical to prevent pipe damage, as they are unreinforced and have low crushing strength compared to RCC pipes.
Consolidated list per BIS. For the text of each amendment, refer to the BIS portal link above.
concretecementaggregates
International Equivalents
Similar International Standards
ASTM C444 / C444M - 03ASTM International, USA
HighWithdrawn
Standard Specification for Perforated Concrete Pipe
Directly specified perforated concrete pipes for subsurface drainage, making it the closest historical equivalent.
BS EN 1916:2002BSI / CEN, UK / Europe
MediumCurrent
Concrete pipes and fittings, unreinforced, steel fibre and reinforced
Covers unreinforced concrete pipes for drainage, but perforations are a specific application not central to the standard.
AS/NZS 4058:2007Standards Australia / Standards New Zealand, Australia/New Zealand
MediumCurrent
Precast concrete pipes (pressure and non-pressure)
Specifies unreinforced concrete pipes for drainage; perforations can be specified as an addition.
ASTM C654 / C654M - 19ASTM International, USA
LowCurrent
Standard Specification for Porous Concrete Pipe
Covers pipes for the same application (subsurface drainage), but uses porous concrete walls instead of perforations.
Key Differences
≠IS 7319 is solely for unreinforced pipes, whereas modern standards like BS EN 1916 and AS/NZS 4058 cover unreinforced, reinforced, and steel-fibre reinforced pipes in a single document.
≠IS 7319 specifies a single minimum crushing strength (16 kN/m) for all pipe sizes, while international standards like AS/NZS 4058 use a system of strength classes where the required load is a function of the pipe's diameter.
≠The range of pipe diameters in IS 7319 is very limited (100 mm to 300 mm), reflecting its specific focus on small-scale subsoil drainage. International standards cover a much broader range, often up to 2000 mm or more for unreinforced pipes.
≠IS 7319 is prescriptive about perforation geometry (number of rows, spacing). Modern standards tend to be more performance-oriented, specifying a minimum inflow area per unit length, allowing for varied perforation designs.
Key Similarities
≈The primary application is identical: the collection and conveyance of subsurface water for land drainage.
≈All standards specify the use of concrete made from cement, aggregates, and water as the fundamental material for the pipe body.
≈The principal mechanical test required is the three-edge-bearing crushing test, which is a universally accepted method for determining the load-bearing capacity of rigid pipes.
≈All standards include requirements for dimensional tolerances (diameter, length, wall thickness) and criteria for visual inspection to reject pipes with defects like cracks, fractures, or exposed reinforcement.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Minimum Crushing Strength (150 mm pipe)
16 kN/m
18 kN/m (for Class 120: 120 x 0.15m diameter)
AS/NZS 4058:2007
Perforation Diameter
6 mm to 8 mm
6.4 mm to 9.5 mm (1/4 in. to 3/8 in.)
ASTM C444-03 (Withdrawn)
Maximum Water Absorption
10.0% by mass (after 10 min boiling)
6.5% by mass (for unreinforced pipe)
BS 5911-1:2002
Minimum Inflow Area (for ~100mm pipe)
Approx. 1500 mm²/m (calculated)
2100 mm²/m (1.0 in.²/ft)
ASTM C444-03 (Withdrawn)
Nominal Diameter Range (Unreinforced)
100 mm – 300 mm
DN 100 – DN 1200 (typical range for unreinforced)
BS EN 1916:2002
Standard Length
600 mm
Typically 2.0 m or 2.5 m, with shorter lengths permitted.
BS EN 1916:2002
Cement Specification Reference
IS 269 (Ordinary Portland Cement)
EN 197-1 (Common cements)
BS EN 1916:2002
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use
Key Values5
Quick Reference Values
Maximum average water absorption10 % by mass
Minimum crushing strength for 100mm dia pipe14 kN/m
Perforation diameter range6 mm to 25 mm
Minimum wall thickness for 100mm dia pipe25 mm
Minimum cement content330 kg/m³
Tables & Referenced Sections
Key Tables
Table 1 - Standard Dimensions for Perforated Concrete Pipes
What is the primary application of IS 7319 pipes?+
They are used for collecting and draining sub-surface water in applications like agricultural land drainage, road drainage, and drainage behind retaining structures.
What is the maximum water absorption allowed for these pipes?+
The average water absorption must not exceed 10 percent by mass (Clause 7.2).
Are these pipes reinforced?+
No, this standard covers unreinforced concrete pipes. For reinforced concrete pipes, refer to IS 458.
How is the strength of these pipes specified?+
The strength is specified as a minimum crushing load in a three-edge bearing test, given in kN/m in Table 3.