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IS 2298:1977 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for single barrel stirrup pump for fire fighting purposes. This standard specifies the requirements for materials, dimensions, design, construction, and performance testing of manually operated single barrel stirrup pumps used for preliminary firefighting.
Specification for Single Barrel Stirrup Pump for Fire Fighting Purposes
BS 1901:1952BSI - British Standards Institution, UK
HighWithdrawn
Stirrup-pumps for fire fighting
Specifies design and performance for manually operated single-barrel stirrup fire pumps, likely the basis for the Indian Standard.
USFS 5100-101EUnited States Forest Service (USFS), USA
MediumCurrent
Pump, Hand, Slip-On, Fire Extinguisher
Covers manually operated slide-action pumps, often in backpack form, for wildland firefighting, sharing the manual pump principle.
DIN 14402DIN - Deutsches Institut für Normung, Germany
HighWithdrawn
Handfeuerlösch-Pumpe (Hand fire extinguishing pump)
A historical German standard specifying requirements for hand-operated stirrup-type fire pumps, functionally identical to the IS code.
BS EN 3-7:2004+A1:2007BSI - British Standards Institution, UK (European Standard)
LowCurrent
Portable fire extinguishers - Part 7: Characteristics, performance requirements and test methods
Both specify equipment for initial fire attack using water, but this covers modern self-contained pressurized extinguishers.
Key Differences
≠The IS 2298 stirrup pump is an open-system requiring an external water source (e.g., a bucket), whereas modern standards like EN 3-7 cover self-contained, pressurized extinguishers with a finite agent capacity.
≠Performance in IS 2298 is measured by mechanical output (flow rate, throw distance), while modern extinguisher standards (EN 3 series) use a fire-rating system (e.g., '13A') based on extinguishing standardized test fires, which measures actual firefighting effectiveness.
≠IS 2298 specifies traditional materials like brass and galvanized steel. Modern functional equivalents (e.g., USFS 5100-101) often specify high-impact polymers for tanks and components to reduce weight and improve corrosion resistance.
≠The Indian standard specifies a static piece of equipment (operator stands on stirrup). Functionally similar devices like backpack pumps (USFS 5100-101) are designed for mobility, allowing the operator to move while fighting a fire.
Key Similarities
≈Both IS 2298 and its historical/functional equivalents are primarily intended for first-aid firefighting of Class A fires (combustibles like wood, paper, cloth) using water as the agent.
≈The core principle of a human operator manually generating water pressure is the fundamental similarity between the IS 2298 pump, its historical counterpart BS 1901, and modern manual pumps like those in USFS 5100-101.
≈A dual-purpose nozzle, capable of producing both a straight jet for reach and a spray pattern for wider cooling, is a common requirement in IS 2298 and other manual pump standards.
≈The equipment specified is designed to be simple, robust, and usable by individuals with minimal training for initial fire attack before professional services arrive.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Minimum Horizontal Jet Throw
Not less than 6 metres
20 feet (~6.1 metres)
BS 1901:1952
Hose Length
6 metres (nominal)
20 feet (~6.1 metres)
BS 1901:1952
Minimum Discharge Rate
Not less than 22.5 litres/minute at 40 strokes/min
Not less than 6.8 litres/minute (operator-dependent)
BS 1901:1952
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (Pump Body)
21 kgf/cm² (~2.1 MPa)
300 PSI (~2.07 MPa)
USFS 5100-101E
Pump Barrel Material
Seamless brass tube
Seamless brass
USFS 5100-101E
Nozzle Functionality
Dual purpose (jet and spray)
Adjustable from straight stream to cone spray
USFS 5100-101E
Strainer Requirement
Required at pump inlet
Required at pump inlet
BS 1901:1952
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use