What is the maximum permissible limit of clay and fine silt in sand for masonry?

5% by mass, as specified in Clause 3.2.1.

What is the maximum particle size allowed for masonry sand?

100% of the sand must pass through a 4.75 mm IS Sieve according to Table 1.

Can crushed stone dust be used for masonry mortars?

Yes, crushed stone sand is permitted provided it meets the grading requirements and deleterious material limits (like dust content) are strictly controlled.

IS 2116

: 1980

Sand for masonry mortars - Specification

CurrentFrequently UsedSpecificationMaterials Science · Building Construction Practices incl. Painting, Varnishing

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This standard specifies the requirements for naturally occurring sands, crushed stone sands, and crushed gravel sands used in the preparation of masonry mortars. It covers the required quality, particle size grading, and maximum limits for deleterious materials to ensure optimum workability and mortar strength.

Sand for masonry mortars - Specification

Quick Reference Values

Maximum clay, fine silt, and fine dust content (natural sand)5% by mass

Maximum clay, fine silt, and fine dust content (crushed stone sand)5% by mass

Percentage passing 4.75 mm IS Sieve100%

Percentage passing 2.36 mm IS Sieve90 to 100%

Percentage passing 150-micron IS Sieve0 to 15%

Practical Notes

Excessive silt and clay content (above 5%) severely reduces the bond strength between the masonry units and the mortar, often leading to shrinkage cracks.

Sand graded for masonry mortar differs from concrete sand; it requires a specific fineness curve to ensure good workability and smooth jointing.

When using crushed stone sand, washing is frequently necessary to bring the fine dust content within the 5% permissible limit.