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IS 16760:2018 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for recycled aggregate for use in bituminous concrete - specification. This standard specifies the requirements for recycled aggregates derived from Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Construction & Demolition (C&D) waste for use in bituminous concrete mixes. It outlines the physical properties, testing methods, and allowable usage percentages to ensure quality and performance in road construction, promoting sustainable practices.
Specifies requirements for recycled aggregates derived from construction and demolition waste, suitable for use in bituminous concrete mixes.
BIM-relevant code. See the BIM Hub for ISO 19650, IFC, and LOD/LOIN frameworks used alongside it.
Practical Notes
! The standard differentiates between Type A (from RAP) and Type B (from C&D waste), with Type A generally having stricter requirements and higher allowable usage.
! Proper processing, including crushing, screening, and removal of contaminants, is crucial to meet the specified quality, especially for Type B aggregates.
! When using RAP (Type A), the mix design must be adjusted to account for the aged binder present in the recycled material.
recycled aggregatebituminous concreteasphaltreclaimed asphalt pavementconstruction and demolition waste
International Equivalents
Similar International Standards
EN 13108-8:2016CEN - European Committee for Standardization
HighCurrent
Bituminous mixtures - Material specifications - Part 8: Reclaimed asphalt
Directly specifies requirements for reclaimed asphalt (RA) used in hot, warm, and cold mix asphalt.
AASHTO M 323-23AASHTO - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, USA
HighCurrent
Standard Specification for Superpave Volumetric Mix Design
Defines tiers for Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) usage and specifies aggregate and binder requirements.
Austroads Guide to Pavement Technology Part 4B: Asphalt (2018)Austroads - Australia / New Zealand
MediumCurrent
Guide to Pavement Technology Part 4B: Asphalt
Provides guidance and typical specifications for using RAP in asphalt mixes, functioning as a de facto standard.
BS 9228:2022BSI - British Standards Institution, UK
HighCurrent
Specification for reclaimed asphalt for use in asphalt mixtures
Provides UK-specific requirements for reclaimed asphalt, complementing the EN 13108 series.
Key Differences
≠IS 16760 specifies a single set of physical properties, whereas AASHTO M 323 uses a tiered approach (e.g., ≤15%, >15%) where testing requirements for the RAP become more stringent as the percentage used increases.
≠European standard EN 13108-8 mandates the declaration of reclaimed asphalt properties in categories (e.g., for binder content variability, binder hardness), a system not present in IS 16760.
≠IS 16760 uses the Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) test for aggregate toughness, a test which is not commonly used in North American (AASHTO) or European (EN) standards, which prefer the Los Angeles Abrasion and/or Micro-Deval tests.
≠While IS 16760 recommends processing, advanced international standards more strongly emphasize or mandate fractionation (screening RAP into multiple sizes) for use in high-RAP content mixes to ensure better process and gradation control.
Key Similarities
≈All standards mandate the determination of binder content in the reclaimed material, as it is a critical input for the new mix design.
≈IS 16760 and its international counterparts all require testing of the extracted aggregate for key physical properties like gradation, durability (abrasion), and water absorption.
≈A universal requirement is the strict control of deleterious or foreign materials (e.g., wood, plastic, soil) to ensure the performance and durability of the final asphalt mixture.
≈All standards are fundamentally aligned in their purpose: to provide a framework for using recycled materials to produce a new asphalt mix that meets specified performance criteria, ensuring it is fit for purpose.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Water Absorption (on extracted aggregate)
≤ 2.0%
Typically ≤ 2.0% but can vary by state; AASHTO refers to project specs.
AASHTO M 323
Los Angeles Abrasion Value
≤ 35% (for Bituminous Concrete)
≤ 40% (for many traffic levels)
AASHTO M 323
Combined Flakiness and Elongation Index
≤ 35%
Not directly comparable. EN uses separate Flakiness (FI) and Shape (SI) indices with categories (e.g., FI₃₅). AASHTO uses a different test (ASTM D4791) with a ratio (e.g., 5:1) and a limit typically <10%.
EN 13043 / AASHTO
Deleterious Materials (plastic, wood, etc.)
≤ 0.5% by weight
≤ 1% by mass for materials >2mm
BS 9228:2022
Aggregate Impact Value (AIV)
≤ 27% (for Bituminous Concrete)
Not Specified (LA Abrasion test is used instead)
AASHTO M 323
Binder Content Homogeneity
Must be determined and reported.
Must be declared with a variability category (e.g., B₅ for ±5% deviation from declared mean).
EN 13108-8:2016
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use
Key Values6
Quick Reference Values
Max Water Absorption (Type A - RAP)2.0%
Max Water Absorption (Type B - C&D)3.0%
Max Los Angeles Abrasion Value (Type A - RAP)35%
Max Combined Flakiness and Elongation Index (Type A - RAP)35%
Minimum Bituminous Binder Content in RAP (Type A)2.0% by mass
Max Foreign Materials in RAP (Type A)1.0% by mass
Tables & Referenced Sections
Key Tables
Table 1 - Requirements for Recycled Aggregate for Use in Bituminous Concrete
Table A.1 - Maximum Allowable Percentage of Recycled Aggregate (RA) in Bituminous Concrete
Key Clauses
Clause 4 - Classification of Recycled Aggregate
Clause 6 - Requirements for Recycled Aggregate
Annex A - Guidance on Use of Recycled Aggregate in Bituminous Concrete