This code of practice outlines the requirements for materials, equipment, and procedures for applying shotcrete. It covers both dry-mix and wet-mix processes, providing guidance on mix proportioning, surface preparation, application techniques, curing, and quality control testing for shotcrete used in tunnels, slope stabilization, and structural repairs.
Provided guidelines for material, equipment, application, and quality control of shotcrete. Superseded by IS 16715:2018.
Quick Reference Values
Maximum aggregate size10 mm (Clause 4.2.1)
Typical nozzle distance from surface0.6 to 1.5 m (Clause 8.3.2)
Typical air pressure (Dry-mix)150 to 500 kPa (Clause 8.2.2)
Typical rebound for Wet-mix process5 to 15 percent
Typical rebound for Dry-mix process15 to 30 percent (overhead work may be up to 40 percent)
Minimum cement content350 kg/m³ (Clause 5.1)
Practical Notes
The skill of the nozzleman is the most critical factor for achieving high-quality shotcrete with low rebound and minimal voids.
Controlling rebound is essential for cost-effectiveness and safety on site. Rebound material should not be re-used in the mix.
Proper surface preparation, including cleaning to remove loose material and pre-dampening the surface, is crucial for ensuring a strong bond with the substrate.