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IS 9222 (Part 1) : 2000Recommendations for handling and dosing devices for chemicals for water treatment, Part I: Coagulants

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DIN 19605 · Recommended Standards for Water Works, 2022 Edition · AWWA B301
CurrentSpecializedGuidelinesBIMWater Resources · Public Health Engineering
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OverviewValues6InternationalTablesFAQ4Related

IS 9222:2000 (Part 1) is the Indian Standard (BIS) for recommendations for handling and dosing devices for chemicals for water treatment, part i: coagulants. This standard provides recommendations for the selection, handling, and operation of equipment used for dosing coagulants in water treatment plants. It covers both dry feeding and solution feeding systems, including guidance on storage, solution preparation, equipment types, and materials of construction to ensure accurate and reliable chemical application.

Recommendations for handling and dosing devices for chemicals for water treatment, Part I: Coagulants

Overview

Status
Current
Usage level
Specialized
Domain
Water Resources — Public Health Engineering
Type
Guidelines
International equivalents
DIN 19605:2018 · DIN - Deutsches Institut für Normung (Germany)Recommended Standards for Water Works, 2022 Edition · Great Lakes-Upper Mississippi River Board of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers (USA/Canada)AWWA B301-18 · AWWA - American Water Works Association (USA)NSF/ANSI/CAN 61-2023 · NSF International (USA/Canada)
Typically used with
IS 2544IS 4985IS 2062IS 1538IS 1030
Also on InfraLens for IS 9222
6Key values2Tables4FAQs

BIM-relevant code. See the BIM Hub for ISO 19650, IFC, and LOD/LOIN frameworks used alongside it.

Practical Notes
! Careful selection of materials for tanks, pipes, and pumps is critical to prevent corrosion, especially when using acidic coagulants. Refer to Table 2 for material compatibility.
! Regular calibration of dosing equipment is essential for maintaining correct coagulant dosage, which directly impacts treatment efficiency and operational cost.
! Ensure proper design of solution tanks, including effective agitation, to prevent chemical stratification and maintain consistent solution strength.
Frequently referenced clauses
Cl. 4General Recommendations for Handling and DosingCl. 5Dry Feeding EquipmentCl. 6Solution Feeding EquipmentCl. 7Selection of Dosing EquipmentCl. 8Materials of Construction
Pulled from IS 9222:2000. Browse the full clause & table index below in Tables & Referenced Sections.
coagulantsalumferric chloridepolyaluminium chloriderubberPVCFRP

International Equivalents

Similar International Standards
DIN 19605:2018DIN - Deutsches Institut für Normung (Germany)
HighCurrent
Dosing systems for flocculants in water treatment - Dosing pumps, dosing containers, static mixers and piping
Directly addresses the design and components of dosing systems for coagulants/flocculants in water treatment.
Recommended Standards for Water Works, 2022 EditionGreat Lakes-Upper Mississippi River Board of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers (USA/Canada)
HighCurrent
Recommended Standards for Water Works (Ten States Standards)
Provides comprehensive design guidelines for chemical application systems, including storage, feeders, and materials, in a similar recommendatory format.
AWWA B301-18AWWA - American Water Works Association (USA)
MediumCurrent
Liquid Alum (Aluminum Sulfate)
Focuses on liquid alum but includes extensive appendices on its handling, storage, and feed equipment, overlapping significantly with IS 9222's scope.
NSF/ANSI/CAN 61-2023NSF International (USA/Canada)
LowCurrent
Drinking Water System Components — Health Effects
Specifies material safety and leach testing for components in contact with drinking water, but does not cover system design or dosing performance.
Key Differences
≠IS 9222 is a 'recommendation,' providing general guidance, whereas DIN 19605 is more prescriptive, specifying detailed requirements for components like pumps and mixers.
≠International standards like the Ten States Standards and AWWA guidelines provide more detailed and explicit safety requirements, such as specifications for secondary containment for bulk storage tanks and mandatory emergency shower/eyewash station locations.
≠IS 9222:2000 is older; modern standards like DIN 19605:2018 incorporate newer technologies, including requirements for smart dosing pumps and advanced process control integration, which are not detailed in the IS code.
≠For material selection, NSF/ANSI/CAN 61 requires rigorous toxicological evaluation and certification for any material in contact with potable water, a much stricter regime than the general material suggestions (e.g., FRP, SS 316) in IS 9222.
≠The scope of IS 9222 Part 1 is limited to coagulants, whereas the 'Ten States Standards' cover a wider array of treatment chemicals (disinfectants, fluorides, etc.) within a single comprehensive chapter on chemical application.
Key Similarities
≈Both IS 9222 and international counterparts like the Ten States Standards and DIN 19605 address the same core system components: bulk storage, day tanks, dosing equipment (feeders/pumps), and piping.
≈All standards recognize the highly corrosive nature of common coagulants (e.g., alum, ferric chloride) and universally recommend the use of corrosion-resistant materials for all wetted parts.
≈Guidance in both IS 9222 and the Ten States Standards distinguishes between the two main types of feeders: dry feeders (volumetric and gravimetric) and liquid/solution feeders (dosing pumps).
≈There is a common emphasis on ensuring system reliability through redundancy. Both the IS code and international standards recommend standby equipment (e.g., spare pumps, duplicate feeders) to guarantee uninterrupted chemical dosing.
≈All relevant standards recommend the inclusion of a calibration system, typically a graduated cylinder on the pump suction line, to allow for accurate verification and adjustment of the chemical feed rate.
Parameter Comparison
ParameterIS ValueInternationalSource
Accuracy of Gravimetric Dry FeederShould be within ± 1 percent by weight.Weigh-belt feeders shall be accurate to within 1 to 2 percent of the set feed rate.Ten States Standards (2022)
Liquid Coagulant Storage CapacityA minimum of 15 days storage capacity should be provided in at least two tanks.Minimum bulk storage capacity of 1.5 times the maximum monthly usage or one truckload, whichever is larger.AWWA B301-18
Day Tank (Solution Tank) CapacityShould hold at least 8 hours supply at maximum withdrawal rate.Day tanks shall have a minimum capacity to ensure uninterrupted operation, typically 8-24 hours at the design feed rate.Ten States Standards (2022)
Materials for Liquid Alum PipingSS 316, Polyethylene, PVC, FRP.Schedule 80 PVC, CPVC, Polyethylene (PE), or Fiberglass-Reinforced Plastic (FRP).AWWA B301-18
Anti-Siphon Device on Discharge LineRecommends installation of a siphon breaker.Feed lines shall be equipped with an anti-siphon device when the point of discharge is lower than the solution tank level.Ten States Standards (2022)
Dry Feeder Hopper SlopeNot less than 60 degrees to the horizontal.Hopper walls should be sloped at least 60 degrees from the horizontal.General design principle in AWWA/Ten States guidance.
Requirement for Agitator in Solution TankRecommends mechanical agitators with specified power calculation.Mechanical mixers shall be provided for all dissolving tanks.Ten States Standards (2022)
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use

Key Values6

Quick Reference Values
Recommended alum solution strength4 to 6 percent
Minimum detention period in solution tank2 hours
Recommended velocity in dosing lines0.6 to 1.5 m/s
Capacity of day storage/solution tankSufficient for one day's requirement
Accuracy of gravimetric feeders± 0.5 to 1 percent
Accuracy of volumetric feeders± 3 to 5 percent

Tables & Referenced Sections

Key Tables
Table 1: Properties of Common Coagulants
Table 2: Guidance for Selection of Materials of Construction for Handling Various Chemicals
Key Clauses
Clause 4: General Recommendations for Handling and Dosing
Clause 5: Dry Feeding Equipment
Clause 6: Solution Feeding Equipment
Clause 7: Selection of Dosing Equipment
Clause 8: Materials of Construction

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Frequently Asked Questions4

What type of feeder is recommended for large water treatment plants?+
For plants with capacity over 20 MLD, gravimetric dry feeders or solution feeders are recommended for better accuracy and control (Clause 7.2).
What materials can be used for an alum solution tank?+
RCC with acid-resistant lining, mild steel with rubber lining, or plastics like PVC, HDPE, or FRP are suitable options (Table 2).
What is the recommended detention time in a chemical solution tank?+
A minimum detention period of 2 hours is recommended, though 3 to 4 hours is preferable for better dissolution (Clause 6.2.2).
What is the key difference between a volumetric and gravimetric feeder?+
A volumetric feeder doses chemicals by a calibrated volume per unit time, while a gravimetric feeder doses by weight, offering higher accuracy (Clauses 5.2 & 5.3).

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