What is the minimum shelf life specified in this code?

The concentrate must be effective for a minimum of 2 years from the date of manufacture when stored according to recommendations (Clause 4.3).

How is the concentration of foam tested on site?

Concentration is typically checked using a handheld refractometer, comparing the reading to a calibration chart provided by the manufacturer (Annex G).

What are the standard concentrations for foam?

Foam concentrates are typically supplied for use at 3 percent or 6 percent concentration with water.

IS 4989

: 2006

Foam Concentrate for producing mechanical foam for fire fighting - Specification (Amalgamating IS 4989 (Part 1):1985, (Part 2): 1984, (Part 3):1987

CurrentSpecializedSpecificationFire Safety · Fire Fighting

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This standard specifies the requirements, testing methods, and performance criteria for various types of foam concentrates used for producing mechanical foam for fire fighting. It amalgamates previous separate standards and covers protein (FP), fluoroprotein (FFFP), synthetic (S), and aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) concentrates, ensuring their effectiveness against Class A and Class B fires.

Foam Concentrate for producing mechanical foam for fire fighting - Specification (Amalgamating IS 4989 (Part 1):1985, (Part 2): 1984, (Part 3):1987

Quick Reference Values

pH range of concentrate (most types)6.0 to 9.5

Minimum specified shelf life2 years

Standard concentrations3% and 6%

Minimum low expansion ratio (AFFF, FP)6:1

Minimum 25% drainage time (Low Expansion)2.5 minutes

Sludge content by volume (max)0.25 percent

Practical Notes

Ensure compatibility of the foam concentrate with the proportioning and discharge equipment being used, as mismatched components can lead to poor foam quality and ineffective fire suppression.

Verify the concentrate type (AFFF, AR-AFFF, FP etc.) is suitable for the specific fire hazard; for example, alcohol-resistant (AR) foam is required for polar solvent fires like ethanol.

Always check the 'Use By' date. Foam concentrate performance degrades over time, and old stock should be lab-tested annually or replaced as per manufacturer guidelines and this standard.