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IS 3812:2013 Part 1 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for pulverized fuel ash - specification - part 1: for use as pozzolana in cement, cement mortar and concrete. This standard specifies the physical and chemical requirements for pulverized fuel ash (fly ash) used as a pozzolanic material in Portland pozzolana cement, mortar, and concrete. It classifies fly ash into siliceous and calcareous types based on reactive calcium oxide content and ensures its suitability for safe and durable construction.
Specifies requirements for pulverized fuel ash (fly ash) for use as a pozzolanic material in cement, mortar, and concrete.
! Unburned carbon in fly ash (indicated by Loss on Ignition) can significantly increase water demand and absorb chemical admixtures like air-entraining agents, requiring dosage adjustments.
! Siliceous fly ash is mainly pozzolanic, whereas calcareous fly ash possesses both pozzolanic and inherent cementitious properties.
! Regular testing of fineness and lime reactivity is crucial as fly ash quality can vary significantly depending on the power plant's coal source and combustion process.
Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
Specifies requirements for fly ash for use as a mineral admixture in concrete.
EN 450-1:2012CEN (European Committee for Standardization), Europe
HighCurrent
Fly ash for concrete - Part 1: Definition, specifications and conformity criteria
Defines and gives specifications for siliceous fly ash for use as a Type II addition in concrete.
BS EN 450-1:2012BSI (British Standards Institution), UK
HighCurrent
Fly ash for concrete. Definition, specifications and conformity criteria
UK's implementation of the European standard EN 450-1 for fly ash in concrete.
AS/NZS 3582.1:2016Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
HighCurrent
Supplementary cementitious materials, Part 1: Fly ash
Specifies requirements for fly ash for use as a supplementary cementitious material.
Key Differences
≠IS 3812 uses a grading system (Grade I and Grade II) based primarily on Blaine fineness, whereas ASTM C618 classifies fly ash based on its chemical composition into Class F (low-calcium) and Class C (high-calcium).
≠IS 3812 specifies a minimum Blaine fineness of 320 m²/kg for Grade I, a parameter not specified in ASTM C618, which instead limits the percentage retained on a 45-µm sieve.
≠The Strength Activity Index requirement in IS 3812 is a minimum of 80% at 28 days, which is slightly higher than the minimum 75% at 7 or 28 days required by ASTM C618 and the 75% at 28 days required by EN 450-1.
≠EN 450-1 includes a 90-day strength activity index requirement (min 85%), which is not present in IS 3812 or ASTM C618, providing a longer-term performance indicator.
Key Similarities
≈All standards aim to ensure the pozzolanic quality of fly ash for use in cementitious systems to enhance durability and long-term strength.
≈All standards place a limit on the Loss on Ignition (LOI) to control the unburnt carbon content, which can negatively affect air entrainment and workability.
≈All include requirements for soundness (autoclave expansion) to prevent long-term deleterious expansion in hardened concrete.
≈The chemical requirements in all standards control deleterious substances such as Sulphur Trioxide (SO₃) and moisture content to ensure chemical stability and compatibility with cement.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Loss on Ignition (LOI), % max
5.0
6.0 (Class F & C)
ASTM C618-22a
Fineness, Blaine (m²/kg), min
320 (Grade I)
Not Specified
ASTM C618-22a
Fineness, retained on 45 µm sieve, % max
34
34
ASTM C618-22a
Strength Activity Index with cement, 28 days, % min
80
75
ASTM C618-22a
Sum of Oxides (SiO₂+Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃), % min
70
70 (for Class F)
ASTM C618-22a
Sulphur Trioxide (SO₃), % max
3.0
3.0
EN 450-1:2012
Moisture Content, % max
2.0
1.0
EN 450-1:2012
Soundness by Autoclave, % max expansion
0.8
0.8
ASTM C618-22a
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use
Key Values7
Quick Reference Values
minimum fineness blaine320 m²/kg
maximum loss on ignition5.0 % by mass
minimum lime reactivity4.5 N/mm²
minimum compressive strength 28 days80 % of control mix