What tools are needed for timber identification according to this code?

A sharp knife to make a clean cut on the end grain and a 10x to 12x magnification hand lens.

Which surface of the timber is primarily examined?

The transverse section (cross-section or end grain) is the most critical surface for macroscopic identification.

How is the identification key structured?

It uses a dichotomous key where users make a series of 'yes or no' choices regarding anatomical features like pore arrangement, parenchyma presence, and rays until the species is isolated.

IS 4970

: 1973

Critical for identification of commercial timbers

CurrentSpecializedGuidelinesMaterials Science · Timber and Timber Stores

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Provides a dichotomous key based on macroscopic anatomical features for the field identification of commercial timbers grown in India. It assists engineers, architects, and quality inspectors in verifying timber species using simple tools like a hand lens and a sharp knife.

Critical for identification of commercial timbers

Quick Reference Values

Recommended hand lens magnification10x to 12x

Practical Notes

Make a very clean cut on the cross-section (end grain) using a sharp knife to properly view anatomical features without crushing the pores.

Slightly moistening the cut cross-section can enhance the contrast and visibility of parenchyma tissues and wood rays.

Identification should primarily be done on the heartwood, as sapwood may lack characteristic colors, deposits, and tyloses.