Link points to Internet Archive / others. Not hosted by InfraLens. Details
IS 2210:1988 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for criteria for design of reinforced concrete shell structures and folded plates. This standard lays down the criteria for the structural analysis, design, and detailing of reinforced concrete shell structures (cylindrical, spherical, conoidal, etc.) and folded plates. It provides guidelines on minimum thickness, reinforcement limits, and buckling considerations to ensure stability and structural integrity of these complex roof forms.
Criteria for design of reinforced concrete shell structures and folded plates
BIM-relevant code. See the BIM Hub for ISO 19650, IFC, and LOD/LOIN frameworks used alongside it.
Practical Notes
! Buckling checks are critical for large-span or very thin shells, as geometric instability often governs the design before material failure.
! Special attention must be given to reinforcement detailing at the junctions of shells with edge beams or traverses due to high localized bending moments and shear stresses.
! Temperature and shrinkage effects must be carefully analyzed, and adequate reinforcement should be provided to control cracking, especially in continuous or large shells.
Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary
Provides fundamental principles for concrete design, with provisions applicable to shells and folded plates, though less prescriptive than IS 2210.
EN 1992-1-1:2004European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Europe
MediumCurrent
Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
Covers general concrete design; shell design is typically handled using its principles within a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) framework.
IASS Recommendations for the Design of Concrete ShellsInternational Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS)
HighWithdrawn
Recommendations for the Design of Concrete Shells
A foundational document specifically for concrete shell design, influencing many national codes including IS 2210.
Key Differences
≠IS 2210:1988 allows for design using both the Working Stress Method (WSM) and the Limit State Method (LSM). Modern international standards like ACI 318 and Eurocode 2 are exclusively based on the Limit State Method (or Strength Design).
≠IS 2210 provides simplified analysis methods and tables for specific geometries like cylindrical shells and domes. Modern codes place a much stronger emphasis on using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for the analysis of shell structures.
≠The requirements for stability and buckling analysis in IS 2210 are based on simplified empirical formulae. Eurocode 2, in particular, promotes more advanced, non-linear analysis methods (e.g., GMNIA) for verifying buckling resistance.
≠IS 2210 specifies a minimum concrete cover of 15-20 mm for moderate exposure. ACI 318-19 requires a significantly larger cover (e.g., 38 mm for slabs exposed to weather) for durability.
Key Similarities
≈All standards are fundamentally based on the principles of shell theory, recognizing that loads are primarily resisted by in-plane membrane forces (tension and compression) and that bending moments must be considered at discontinuities.
≈The Limit State Method partial safety factors for materials are nearly identical. Both IS 2210 (via IS 456) and Eurocode 2 use a factor of 1.5 for concrete and 1.15 for reinforcing steel.
≈The conceptual approach to load combinations (e.g., combining dead loads, live loads, and environmental loads using specified factors) is similar across all standards, although the numerical values of the factors differ.
≈All codes require the provision of minimum reinforcement in two orthogonal or near-orthogonal directions to control cracking due to shrinkage, temperature, and unforeseen stresses.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Minimum Thickness (Folded Plate)
75 mm (Clause 5.1.1)
Not explicitly specified; governed by strength, serviceability, and durability requirements.
ACI 318-19
Minimum Reinforcement (HYSD Bars)
0.20% of gross cross-sectional area (Clause 5.3.1)
0.18% of gross cross-sectional area for Grade 60 (420 MPa) steel (Section 24.4.3.2)