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IS 1322:1982 is the Indian Standard (BIS) for bitumen felts for waterproofing and damp-proofing - specification. This standard specifies the requirements for bitumen felts intended for use in waterproofing and damp-proofing of buildings. It covers the classification, materials, manufacture, dimensions, physical properties, and testing methods for different types and grades of bitumen felts.
Specifies requirements for bitumen felts used as waterproofing and damp-proofing barriers in buildings.
Overview
Status
Current
Usage level
Frequently Used
Domain
Materials Science — Waterproofing and Damp Proofing
BIM-relevant code. See the BIM Hub for ISO 19650, IFC, and LOD/LOIN frameworks used alongside it.
Practical Notes
! Ensure the surface is clean, dry, and primed with an appropriate bitumen primer before laying the felt.
! Proper overlapping (typically 75-100 mm for side laps and 150 mm for end laps) and sealing of joints is critical for an effective waterproofing system.
! Type 3 (hessian-based) is commonly used for general waterproofing, while Type 2 (fibre-based, self-finishing) is often used for exposed roofing applications.
Consolidated list per BIS. For the text of each amendment, refer to the BIS portal link above.
bitumenbitumen feltwaterproofing membranehessian
International Equivalents
Similar International Standards
ASTM D226/D226M-17ASTM International (US)
HighCurrent
Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
Directly equivalent to IS 1322 Type 3 (organic fibre base) for roofing and waterproofing.
ASTM D2178/D2178M-21ASTM International (US)
HighCurrent
Standard Specification for Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
Directly equivalent to IS 1322 Type 2 (glass fibre base) for use in built-up roofing.
EN 13707:2013CEN (European Committee for Standardization)
MediumCurrent
Flexible sheets for waterproofing - Reinforced bitumen sheets for roof waterproofing - Definitions and characteristics
Covers the same application (roof waterproofing) but is a modern, performance-based standard for a wider range of reinforced bitumen sheets.
ASTM D1327-04ASTM International (US)
HighWithdrawn
Standard Specification for Bitumen-Saturated Woven Burlap Fabrics Used in Roofing and Waterproofing
Historically, a direct equivalent to IS 1322 Type 1 (hessian/jute base), but now withdrawn, reflecting the shift away from natural fibre reinforcements.
Key Differences
≠IS 1322 is a prescriptive standard, detailing the required mass of base, saturant, and coating. Modern standards like EN 13707 are performance-based, specifying required outcomes (e.g., tensile strength, water tightness) while allowing flexibility in composition.
≠IS 1322 includes hessian (a jute-based fabric) as a primary reinforcement (Type 1). Most current international standards have phased out natural vegetable fibres in favor of glass fibre and polyester due to their superior rot resistance and dimensional stability.
≠IS 1322:1982 focuses on unmodified bitumen. Many modern international standards extensively cover polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) sheets (e.g., SBS, APP), which offer enhanced flexibility, particularly at low temperatures, and better aging characteristics.
≠The minimum breaking strength requirements in comparable ASTM standards are often significantly higher than those specified in IS 1322 for a similar felt type.
Key Similarities
≈Both the Indian and international standards define a composite material comprising a central reinforcement (felt) that is saturated and coated with bitumen/asphalt.
≈The primary purpose stated in all standards is to create an impermeable barrier for waterproofing roofs or providing a damp-proof course.
≈Core physical tests are conceptually similar, including assessments for breaking strength (tensile), pliability (flexibility around a mandrel), and heat resistance to ensure stability.
≈All standards specify or allow for a fine mineral surfacing (e.g., sand, talc) to prevent the bitumen surfaces from sticking together in the roll and to provide initial UV protection.
Parameter Comparison
Parameter
IS Value
International
Source
Breaking Strength, Longitudinal (Organic Felt)
≥ 200 N / 50 mm (Type 3, Grade 1)
≥ 480 N / 50 mm (9.6 kN/m) (Type II)
ASTM D226/D226M-17
Breaking Strength, Longitudinal (Glass Felt)
≥ 350 N / 50 mm (Type 2, Grade 1)
≥ 385 N / 50 mm (7.7 kN/m) (Type IV)
ASTM D2178/D2178M-21
Mass of Desaturated Felt (Organic)
≥ 250 g/m² (Type 3, Grade 1)
≥ 500 g/m² (Type II)
ASTM D226/D226M-17
Heat Resistance Test
No blistering/sagging for 2 hours @ 80 °C
No flowing/sagging/blistering for 5 hours @ 105 °C
ASTM D2178/D2178M-21
Pliability Test Temperature (Flexibility)
27 ± 2 °C
25 ± 1 °C (77 ± 2 °F)
ASTM D226/D226M-17
Mass of Finished Product (Glass Felt)
≥ 2000 g/m² (Type 2, Grade 1)
≥ 1636 g/m² (Type IV)
ASTM D2178/D2178M-21
⚠ Verify details from original standards before use
Key Values7
Quick Reference Values
Min. longitudinal breaking strength for Type 3 Grade 1 felt350 N / 50 mm width
Min. transverse breaking strength for Type 3 Grade 1 felt200 N / 50 mm width
Pliability test mandrel diameter for Type 3 Grade 1 felt20 mm
Max. water absorption for Type 3 felts1.0 % by mass
Heat resistance test temperature for Type 3 Grade 170 °C
Nominal roll width1 m
Nominal roll length10 m or 20 m
Tables & Referenced Sections
Key Tables
Table 1 - Physical Requirements of Bitumen Felts
Table 2 - Mass Per Unit Area and Dimensions of Bitumen Felts
What are the main types of bitumen felts as per this standard?+
Type 1 (Underlay), Type 2 (Self-finishing), and Type 3 (Hessian-based) are the three main types, each with different grades (Clause 3).
What is the key difference between Grade 1 and Grade 2 felts?+
Grade 2 felts have superior physical properties, such as higher breaking strength and better heat resistance, making them suitable for more demanding applications compared to Grade 1 (Table 1).
What is the minimum breaking strength for a standard hessian-based felt (Type 3, Grade 1)?+
The minimum longitudinal breaking strength is 350 N per 50 mm width, and transverse strength is 200 N per 50 mm width (Table 1).
How should bitumen felt rolls be stored on site?+
Rolls should be stored upright on a clean, level surface, away from direct sunlight and heat, and protected from physical damage (Clause 11).